Introduction to TestNG Annotations

TestNG is a powerful testing framework inspired by JUnit and NUnit, designed for test configuration, execution, and reporting in Java. One of its key features is the use of annotations to control test flow. These annotations help define how and when specific test methods should be executed.

What Are Annotations in TestNG?

Annotations in TestNG are special tags that control the behavior of test methods. They are defined using the @ symbol followed by the annotation name and are placed above method definitions in your test class.

Commonly Used TestNG Annotations

Here are some of the most frequently used TestNG annotations:

Annotation Description

@Test Marks a method as a test method.

@BeforeMethod Runs before each @Test method.

@AfterMethod Runs after each @Test method.

@BeforeClass Runs once before any @Test methods in the class.

@AfterClass Runs once after all @Test methods in the class.

@BeforeSuite Runs before all tests in the suite.

@AfterSuite Runs after all tests in the suite.

@BeforeTest Runs before any test belonging to the classes inside the <test> tag in TestNG XML.

@AfterTest Runs after all the tests in the <test> tag.

@BeforeGroups Runs before the first test method of a specified group is invoked.

@AfterGroups Runs after the last test method of a specified group is executed.

Example:

java

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import org.testng.annotations.*;

public class SampleTest {

    @BeforeClass

    public void setupClass() {

        System.out.println("Before Class");

    }

    @BeforeMethod

    public void setupMethod() {

        System.out.println("Before Method");

    }

    @Test

    public void testCase1() {

        System.out.println("Test Case 1");

    }

    @Test

    public void testCase2() {

        System.out.println("Test Case 2");

    }

    @AfterMethod

    public void tearDownMethod() {

        System.out.println("After Method");

    }

    @AfterClass

    public void tearDownClass() {

        System.out.println("After Class");

    }

}

Output:

pgsql

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Before Class

Before Method

Test Case 1

After Method

Before Method

Test Case 2

After Method

After Class

Benefits of Using TestNG Annotations

Clear structure: Makes tests easier to manage and understand.

Flexible execution: Supports grouping, prioritization, and dependency management.

Automation-ready: Easily integrates with build tools like Maven and CI tools like Jenkins.

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