🧩 UI & Layout in Flutter

 🧩 UI & Layout in Flutter

A Beginner’s Guide to Building Beautiful Interfaces

✅ What is UI & Layout in Flutter?

In Flutter, UI (User Interface) is built using widgets. Everything you see on the screen is a widget — from buttons and text to layouts and animations.


Layout means arranging these widgets on the screen — deciding their size, position, and alignment.


🔹 Basic Building Blocks: Widgets

StatelessWidget: UI doesn’t change over time (static).


StatefulWidget: UI can change dynamically (interactive).


🔲 Common Layout Widgets

Flutter provides several widgets to organize and layout your UI:


Widget Purpose Example Usage

Container A box to hold and style widgets Padding, margin, background color

Row Arrange children horizontally Place buttons side by side

Column Arrange children vertically Stack text fields vertically

Stack Overlap widgets on top of each other Overlay text on image

Expanded Fill available space in Row/Column Make buttons stretch equally

Padding Add space around widgets Separate elements

Center Center a widget within its parent Center a logo

SizedBox Create empty space or fixed-size widget Add gaps between widgets


📐 Example: Simple Layout with Column and Row

dart

Copy

Edit

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';


void main() => runApp(MyApp());


class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {

  @override

  Widget build(BuildContext context) {

    return MaterialApp(

      home: Scaffold(

        appBar: AppBar(title: Text('Flutter Layout Example')),

        body: Column(

          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,

          children: [

            Text('Hello Flutter!', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 24)),

            Row(

              mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.spaceAround,

              children: [

                Icon(Icons.star, color: Colors.blue, size: 50),

                Icon(Icons.favorite, color: Colors.red, size: 50),

                Icon(Icons.thumb_up, color: Colors.green, size: 50),

              ],

            ),

          ],

        ),

      ),

    );

  }

}

🧩 Layout Tips

Use mainAxisAlignment and crossAxisAlignment to control alignment inside Row and Column.


Use Flexible and Expanded to manage how widgets take up space.


Nest layout widgets for complex UIs.


Use MediaQuery to make your UI responsive across screen sizes.


🎨 Styling Widgets

Use Container with properties like padding, margin, decoration (colors, borders, shadows).


Use TextStyle to customize font size, color, weight, etc.


Wrap widgets with GestureDetector for tap/click interactions.


📚 Useful Flutter Layout Widgets at a Glance

Widget Use Case

Scaffold Basic app structure (AppBar, Body)

ListView Scrollable lists

GridView Grid layout

SafeArea Avoid notches and system UI overlaps

Align Align child within parent

FractionallySizedBox Size widgets relative to parent


✅ Summary

Flutter makes UI building easy and flexible through composition of widgets. Understanding basic layout widgets like Row, Column, and Container is key to building beautiful apps.

Learn Flutter Training in Hyderabad

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Working with Text and Images in Flutter

How to Use the Flutter Debug Console

Hot Reload vs Hot Restart in Flutter

Dart Basics for Flutter Developers

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